Notes on
Energy Resources
v Role of Hydro Electric Project in Socio-Economic
Development of Bhutan
Hydropower,
as a clean renewable resource has two important roles to play in the
socio-economic development of Bhutan:
1) To provide safe, reliable, sufficient and affordable
electricity for domestic consumption and industrial use.
2) As an industry for earning revenue from export of
hydroelectricity thereby providing the much needed capital to finance social
projects and achieve economic self reliance.
v Run-of River
Scheme: Taking an advantage of
torrential flow of rivers to generate power.
Why
non-conventional source of energy is not popular in our country?
1. Lack of technical know-how.
2. High installation cost.
3. Not feasible as a reliable source.
4. Not available in abundance.
Notes on Industrial Resources
v Relationship between Transport and
Industry
1. Transportation facilities are necessary for the
assembly of raw materials and for the marketing of the finished products.
2.
The development of many roads will
determine the growth and location of many industries.
v Characteristics of types of
Industries based on Raw Materials
Agro
– based industries
1.
They are fruit juice or canned fruit
industries .
2.
They involved in processing of
agricultural products.
3.
They obtain their raw materials from
agriculture.
4. They are generally located near the fertile land.
Mineral – Based Industries
1. They obtain their minerals from mining.
2. They are located near to mining centers.
3. They are mostly related to cement industries.
4. Their raw materials are naturally occurred.
Forest – Based Industries
1.
They are woodworking /
furniture, paper manufacturing and converting industries.
2.
They obtain their raw materials from
forest.
3. The chemical industry is one of the largest
manufacturing industries.
Chemical – Based Industries
1.
They are chemical
producing industries.
2.
The chemical industry
creates an immense variety of products.
3.
They obtain their raw materials from
mining.
v Main Factors / Problems that hinder
Industrial Development
1.
Lack of raw materials
2.
Lack of capital and technology.
3.
Lack of skilled labour.
4.
Lack of market.
5.
Lack of power and transport facilities.
6.
Lack of infrastructure and water supply.
v Factors affecting the location of
Penden Cement Authority in Samtse and BBPL in Tala in Chukha.
1. Availability of raw materials.
2. Efficient transport system.
3. Easy access to market
4. Availability of cheap and constant power supply.
5. Availability of cheap labour from India.
v “Industries are
the key to the country’s economy” or “Industrialization leads to the economic
development of a country”. Justify.
1. Industries changed the primary products into more
useful and valuable items.
2. They generate huge revenue for the country and earn
foreign currency.
3. Provide jobs and improve living standard for the
people.
4. They promote self-sufficiency.
5. They promote export which leads to increase in
national income.
v Development of
industries brings in problems”. Support the statement.
1. Environmental problems (pollution, degradation,
erosion).
2. Social problems (accidents, outbreak of diseases,
negative influence on culture and tradition).
3. Deterioration of natural resources.
4. Decline of human values.
Why Gasa does not have any
manufacturing industries?
1. Lack of raw materials.
2. No accessibility to market.
3. Lack of better transport facilities.
4. Unfavourable climate.
5. Shortage of Labour.
6. Land topography.
v Objectives of
National Industrial Policy
1. To achieve high productivity,
2. To create employment opportunity.
3. To reduce regional imbalance.
4. To promote export, and reduce import.
5. To have eco-friendly industrial development guided
by GNH philosophy.
6. To generate national revenue.
Analyze
the relation between industrialization and urbanization.
The one factor which has contributed relatively much to the
increase in urban population is industrialization. Push as well as pull factors
account for the movement of people from villages to towns.
Urbanization brings changes in work-force structure too (i.e.,
people engaged in primary (agriculture), secondary (manufacturing) and tertiary
occupation (trade, transport, public administration, banking and other
services).
Industrialization has not only promoted urbanization but has
also affected social structure and social institutions.
v Policies to overcome problems of
rapid industrialization.
1.
Political
stability / security
Government
should minimize the constant change of economic policies.
2. Favourable
Government Policies
Government should pursue policies favourable to
industrialization such as tax holiday, excise duty reduction and tariff, etc.
3. Improved
Agriculture Sector
Government should also pursue policies geared
towards improving the agriculture sector.
